Basic Theo-24 SR Information

• INN (International Nonproprietary Name): theophylline
• Brand names available in Australia: Theo-24®, Elixophyllin®, Theo-Dur®, Afonilum SR, Slo-Phyllin, Theolair
• ATC Code: R03DA04
• Forms & dosages: Extended-release capsules, tablets, and oral solutions
• Manufacturers in Australia: Multiple global suppliers including Pfizer and UCB Pharma
• Registration status in Australia: TGA approved
• OTC / Rx classification: Prescription only (Rx)

Critical Warnings & Restrictions

The administration of Theo-24 SR, which contains theophylline, carries specific safety protocols to mitigate potential adverse effects. It is essential to be particularly cautious when prescribing this medication to high-risk groups, including the elderly, pregnant individuals, and patients with chronic illnesses. Monitoring and adjustments in the treatment regimen are crucial for these populations to ensure safety and efficacy.

High-Risk Groups (Elderly, Pregnancy, Chronic Illness)

Elderly patients have a heightened vulnerability to adverse reactions from theophylline, which necessitates careful consideration during initial dosing. Regular monitoring of serum theophylline levels becomes crucial to avoid toxicity. Pregnant individuals should engage in discussions with their healthcare providers about the potential risks and benefits, given that theophylline can cross the placenta and affect the developing fetus. Furthermore, patients suffering from chronic conditions, especially those with liver or kidney dysfunction, require adjusted doses and meticulous supervision to prevent complications.

Interaction With Activities (Driving, Workplace Safety Under Australian Law)

The side effects associated with theophylline—such as restlessness, dizziness, and even seizures—can impair one's capacity to perform tasks that require mental alertness. This includes driving or operating heavy machinery. Under Australian law, individuals must assess their reactions to the medication before engaging in these activities, prioritising safety for themselves and others. Understanding how Theo-24 SR affects personal performance is crucial in managing responsibilities effectively.

Q&A — “Can I Drive After Taking It In Australia?”

Q: Can I drive after taking Theo-24 SR?
A: It’s best to wait 24 hours after taking Theo-24 SR before driving, especially if you experience side effects like dizziness or restlessness. Always consult with your healthcare provider.

Usage Basics

Theo-24 SR is primarily indicated for individuals in need of long-term management of respiratory conditions, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Its extended-release formulation is designed for sustained therapeutic effects, improving patient adherence to treatment protocols.

INN, Brand Names Available In Australia

The International Nonproprietary Name (INN) for Theo-24 is *theophylline*. In Australia, it is predominantly available in the form of extended-release tablets marketed as Theo-24®. Other local brands may be available under different names, ensuring that patients have access to a variety of options for their treatment needs.

Legal Classification (TGA-approved, PBS-listed)

Theo-24 SR is regulated by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), verifying that it meets Australian health and safety standards. It is classified as a prescription-only medication, ensuring that it is only available through qualified healthcare providers. Additionally, Theo-24 SR is listed on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), which provides subsidised access for eligible patients, making it an affordable option for long-term respiratory management.

Dosing Guide

The dosing of Theo-24 SR must be customized according to the individual needs of each patient, taking into account their health status and any concurrent medications they may be taking.

Standard Regimens (PBS Reference Dosing)

For adults beginning treatment for asthma or COPD, the general starting dose of Theo-24 SR typically ranges from 300 to 400 mg, administered once daily. However, adjustments to this dosage may be required based on ongoing therapeutic monitoring or individual clinical responses to the medication.

Adjustments For Comorbidities

Patients with liver or kidney impairment often need significant reductions in their dose of Theo-24 SR, alongside frequent monitoring of serum theophylline levels to prevent toxicity. For elderly patients, initiating treatment should begin at the lower end of the dosing spectrum to minimize any associated risks.

Q&A — “What If I Miss A Dose?”

Q: What should I do if I miss a dose of Theo-24 SR?
A: Take it as soon as you remember, unless it’s close to your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose—do not double up.

Interaction Chart

Understanding interactions is essential for those using Theo-24 SR. Medication efficacy and safety can be significantly influenced by what else is consumed alongside theophylline. Combining Theo-24 SR with various foods and medications may lead to unintended consequences. This section highlights crucial interactions that users should be aware of to ensure optimal treatment outcomes.

Food and drinks (alcohol, coffee, Australian diet context)

The absorption of theophylline can be swayed by food choices. High-fat meals might lower its effectiveness as they can impact absorption rates. In the Australian context, coffee and caffeinated beverages should raise red flags for patients. Caffeine can amplify the effects of theophylline since they're chemically similar, resulting in increased side effects for patients who consume both. It's wise to limit caffeine intake while on Theo-24 SR for a smoother experience.

Common drug conflicts

Certain medications can clash with Theo-24 SR, leading to unexpected side effects or diminished efficacy. Antibiotics such as erythromycin are red flags as they can alter theophylline metabolism. Similarly, anticonvulsants may impact how the body processes the drug. Collecting complete medication histories is vital to pinpoint these interactions, potentially necessitating dose adjustments to maintain safety.

User Reports & Trends

Feedback from Australians on Theo-24 SR offers insightful perspectives into its effectiveness and side effects. Many users hail its ability to alleviate asthma and COPD symptoms. However, they also note a few common side effects: - Headaches - Nausea - Irritability The extended-release nature of the capsules has been praised, with many finding it easier to stick to their treatment regimens compared to immediate-release formats. Overall, the feedback reflects a balance of effectiveness and discomfort, common in many medications, but the benefits often outweigh the drawbacks for many patients.

Access & Purchase Options

Theo-24 SR is widely available, ensuring that those who need it can obtain their medication with ease. Patients have multiple avenues to access this essential medication, helping maintain their health without undue barriers.

National chains (Chemist Warehouse, Priceline, TerryWhite)

This medication can be found at major Australian pharmacy chains, including Chemist Warehouse, Priceline, and TerryWhite. Such availability ensures that patients can easily track down Theo-24 SR at their convenience. It's advisable to check with local stores to confirm stock levels, especially for the desired dosages.

Online pharmacies and telehealth e-prescriptions

With the rise of digital health solutions, remote access to Theo-24 SR has become more achievable. Online pharmacies are becoming increasingly popular, particularly for those residing in rural areas. Telehealth services enable patients to consult with healthcare professionals remotely. This flexibility can be crucial for individuals with mobility issues or those living far from conventional healthcare facilities, allowing for timely prescriptions and medication access.

Mechanism & Pharmacology

Theophylline operates via specific mechanisms that enhance respiratory efficiency for patients dealing with conditions like asthma and COPD. Understanding its pharmacological actions can aid in setting realistic expectations for treatment.

Simplified explanation

As a xanthine derivative, Theo-24 SR primarily functions by relaxing the smooth muscles surrounding bronchial airways, promoting bronchodilation. Additionally, it serves as a modest anti-inflammatory agent, assisting in mitigating airway swelling. This dual action helps patients breathe easier, making it a valuable medication.

Clinical terms

From a clinical standpoint, theophylline inhibits phosphodiesterase enzymes, leading to an uptick in intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. This biochemical interaction is central to its bronchodilator effects. Being aware of the clinical mechanics behind the drug can empower patients and caregivers, guiding them through their treatment journey more effectively.

Indications & Off-Label Uses

Theo-24 SR is primarily indicated for the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This extended-release formulation of theophylline plays a crucial role in patients whose symptoms persist despite conventional inhaled therapies. Beyond its approved uses, there are several off-label applications that may benefit specific patient populations.

Approved indications by TGA

In accordance with Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) guidelines, Theo-24 SR has been approved specifically for the chronic management of obstructive airway diseases. This includes patients who do not respond adequately to inhalation therapies. It supports symptom control in conditions like asthma and COPD, where maintaining open airways is essential for breathing and quality of life.

Off-label uses in Australian clinical practice

Clinicians sometimes prescribe theophylline off-label for cases of persistent wheezing in children or adults and as an adjunct treatment for respiratory distress syndromes. Such practices require careful consideration, monitoring, and a clear understanding of the potential risks versus benefits.

Key Clinical Findings

Recent studies conducted from 2022 to 2025 provide valuable insights into best practices for prescribing theophylline. International research emphasises that while Theo-24 SR offers symptomatic relief, physicians must judiciously manage its use due to potential side effects and risk of drug interactions.

Notably, benefits of theophylline are pronounced in populations that do not achieve satisfactory outcomes from traditional therapies, highlighting the drug's role in a comprehensive asthma or COPD management plan.

Alternatives Matrix

Evaluating alternatives to Theo-24 SR can significantly enhance patient care. There are various commonly used medications available that may serve similar purposes in managing asthma and COPD.

PBS-listed alternatives comparison table

Medication	Indications	Administration	Notes
Ventolin	Quick relief of asthma	Inhaler	Onset within minutes
Seretide	Long-term control	Inhaler	Corticosteroid-based
Symbicort	Dual action bronchodilator	Inhaler	Anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator

Pros and cons checklist

• Theo-24 SR Pros: Long-acting, once-daily dosing, useful in non-compliance cases.
• Theo-24 SR Cons: Requires serum levels monitoring, potential side effects and drug interactions.

Common Questions

Many patients have queries regarding the use of theophylline therapy in their treatment plan.

When should I expect to feel the benefits? Most patients report relief from symptoms within days of initiating treatment with Theo-24 SR. However, regular monitoring of serum levels is crucial to ensure safety and effectiveness.

How often should I have my levels checked? For optimal safety, serum levels are regularly assessed, especially in older patients or those with comorbidities. These checks typically occur every 6–12 months, but specific circumstances will dictate the frequency.

Suggested Visual Content

To enhance patient awareness and understanding, the following infographics are recommended:

• PBS pricing breakdown for Theo-24 SR.
• A network map illustrating pharmacy access across urban and rural regions in Australia.

Registration & Regulation

Comprehensive regulatory guidelines ensure that Theo-24 SR is dispensed safely and effectively within Australia.

TGA approval

Theo-24 SR is officially approved by the TGA, which guarantees that it meets Australian safety standards. It is classified as a prescription-only medication, reflecting its use requires careful medical oversight.

PBS subsidy details

The PBS listing facilitates financial relief for qualifying Australian patients. This support allows individuals to access vital medications like Theo-24 SR at a reduced cost, significantly lessening their out-of-pocket expenses for ongoing treatment.

Storage & Handling

Maintaining the appropriate storage conditions for Theo-24 SR is crucial for preserving its effectiveness.

Household storage in Australian climate

In the typically warm and humid Australian climate, it’s essential to store Theo-24 SR in a cool, dry location. Ideal storage conditions fall within the temperature range of 15°C to 30°C, keeping it away from moisture and heat sources.

Cold-chain handling for pharmacies

Pharmacies must adhere to stringent cold-chain protocols, particularly for liquid formulations, to ensure patient safety and maintain medication integrity throughout the distribution process.

Guidelines for Proper Use

Patients need to understand how to use Theo-24 SR properly to maximise its benefits.

Australian pharmacist counselling style

Pharmacists in Australia are well-trained to offer detailed counselling for patients regarding medication adherence, potential side effects, and the importance of regular serum level monitoring. This ensures that patients feel informed and supported throughout their treatment.

Patient advice from PBS and national health authorities

Patients should actively communicate with healthcare providers and pharmacists, sharing comprehensive details of their health conditions and all medications being taken. This prevents interactions and complications and aligns treatment approaches with patient needs.

Delivery Time Information

City	Region	Delivery Time
Sydney	New South Wales	5-7 days
Melbourne	Victoria	5-7 days
Brisbane	Queensland	5-7 days
Perth	Western Australia	5-7 days
Adelaide	South Australia	5-7 days
Gold Coast	Queensland	5-9 days
Cairns	Queensland	5-9 days
Hobart	Tasmania	5-9 days
Canberra	Australian Capital Territory	5-9 days
Newcastle	New South Wales	5-9 days
Wollongong	New South Wales	5-9 days
Geelong	Victoria	5-9 days
Sunshine Coast	Queensland	5-9 days